Everything to know about Italy’s second largest island

Beach in Sardinia with boats and blue water — **Denis Belitsky / Shutterstock**

Sardinia—an island where turquoise waves lap against sun-bleached beaches, rugged mountains hide ancient secrets, and time slows down just enough for you to soak it all in. It’s Italy’s second-largest island, yet it feels distinctly different from the mainland, with its own traditions, dialects, and a landscape that shifts from dramatic cliffs to sleepy fishing villages.

Whether you’re here for adventure, culture, or simply a spot to unwind with a spritz in hand, Sardinia has a way of drawing you in. So, throw on your sunglasses and let’s explore this Mediterranean wonderland.

What to Expect

Mountains in Sardinia — **Vadym Lavra / Shutterstock**

Sardinia is a land of contrasts. Along its nearly 2,000 kilometers of coastline, you'll find some of Italy's most stunning beaches, ranging from secluded coves with powdery white sands to expansive shores where turquoise waves gently lap. Inland, the terrain transforms into rugged mountains and rolling hills, dotted with ancient stone structures known as nuraghi—mysterious remnants of a civilization that predates Rome.

The island's towns and cities, from the bustling capital of Cagliari in the south to the medieval charm of Alghero in the northwest, offer a delightful mix of history, culture, and modern amenities. Expect to be greeted with hearty cuisine, traditional festivals, and perhaps even a few words in Sardinian, a distinct language that underscores the island's unique identity.

Practical Information

Sardinia enjoys a Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The best time to visit is from April to June, when the flowers are in bloom, the sea waters are warm, and the temperatures haven't yet reached their peak.

Sardinia is part of Italy, so the official language is Italian, but as mentioned, Sardinian is widely spoken, and in tourist areas, you'll find English is commonly understood. The currency is the Euro (€), and while major credit cards are accepted in most establishments, it's wise to carry some cash, especially when venturing into smaller towns or rural areas. The island operates on Central European Time (UTC+1).

Getting There

Reaching Sardinia is relatively straightforward, with several options depending on your starting point. The island boasts three main airports: Cagliari Elmas Airport in the south, Olbia Costa Smeralda Airport in the northeast, and Alghero Fertilia Airport in the northwest.

These airports are well-connected to major European cities, with regular flights operated by both budget and full-service airlines. If you prefer a more scenic route, ferries connect Sardinia to mainland Italy, with departures from Genoa, Livorno, Civitavecchia (near Rome), and Naples. Ferries also run from France and Spain, making the island easily accessible by sea. For the best fares, book in advance, especially during peak summer months.

Getting Around

Once you set foot on Sardinian soil, the next question is: how do you explore this vast island? While public transportation exists, it can be slow and infrequent, making car rental the best option for maximum flexibility.

The road network is well-maintained, but be prepared for winding, mountainous roads, especially in the interior. If you're sticking to major cities like Cagliari, Sassari, or Alghero, buses and trains are viable options.

However, to uncover the island's hidden gems—those secluded beaches, mountain villages, and archaeological wonders—having your own wheels is a game-changer. Just remember, Italians have a reputation for spirited driving, so stay alert and embrace the adventure!

Sardinia's Towns and Cities

Sardinia’s towns and cities each offer their own distinct charm, from bustling coastal hubs to medieval hilltop villages steeped in history. Here are five of the most significant places to visit:

Cagliari

The island’s capital, Cagliari, is a lively port city with a rich history and vibrant nightlife. The historic district of Castello is a must-see, with its narrow alleys, panoramic terraces, and centuries-old bastions. Don’t miss the Poetto Beach for a day of sun and sea, and be sure to visit the bustling San Benedetto Market to sample fresh seafood and local produce.

Alghero

Often called ‘Little Barcelona’ due to its Catalan heritage, Alghero boasts medieval walls, charming cobbled streets, and stunning coastal views. Enjoy a sunset walk along the Bastioni, dine on the city’s famous lobster Catalan-style, and take a boat trip to Neptune’s Grotto, an awe-inspiring sea cave with dramatic limestone formations.

Sassari

As Sardinia’s second-largest city, Sassari is known for its impressive architecture, lively piazzas, and cultural institutions. Visit the grand Piazza d’Italia, explore the beautiful Cathedral of San Nicola, and delve into the Museo Sanna for a deep dive into Sardinia’s archaeology and art.

Olbia

A gateway to the glamorous Costa Smeralda, Olbia is often overlooked but has plenty to offer. Stroll along Corso Umberto for boutique shopping and authentic dining, explore the Nuraghe Riu Mulinu for a glimpse into ancient history, and take a short drive to Tavolara Island for pristine beaches and excellent snorkeling.

Oristano

A quieter, more traditional town, Oristano is famous for its unique equestrian festival, Sa Sartiglia, held every February. Visit the Torre di Mariano II, enjoy the beautiful beaches of the Sinis Peninsula, and explore the ancient ruins of Tharros, an important Phoenician-Roman site on the coast.

The Best Things to Do

Explore the Nuraghe Su Nuraxi

Stone structure in the Sardinian countryside — **fabiano goreme caddeo / Shutterstock**

Step back in time at this UNESCO-listed site near Barumini, where you can wander through a Bronze Age fortress that predates the Roman Empire. The towering stone structures, built by the enigmatic Nuragic civilization, remain a mystery, adding an element of intrigue to your visit. Take a guided tour to truly appreciate the scale and significance of this ancient complex, where you’ll find a labyrinth of stone towers, passageways, and defensive walls that have stood for over 3,000 years.

Sail Through the Maddalena Archipelago

Hop aboard a boat and cruise through this stunning cluster of islands off Sardinia’s northeast coast. With their crystal-clear waters and pink-sand beaches, these islands are often compared to the Caribbean—but without the crowds. Spend the day island-hopping, stopping at Spargi, Budelli, and Caprera to swim in hidden coves, snorkel among vibrant marine life, and enjoy fresh seafood at a waterfront trattoria in La Maddalena town.

Wander Alghero’s Old Town

A charming mix of Catalan and Italian influences, Alghero's cobbled streets are perfect for an evening stroll. Don’t miss the medieval walls, bustling piazzas, and the local specialty, lobster Catalan-style. Stop by the vibrant market to sample local cheeses and cured meats, and visit the stunning Alghero Cathedral with its ornate bell tower offering panoramic views over the city and the sea.

Hike in Gennargentu National Park

For nature lovers, Gennargentu is a dream. Rugged peaks, deep gorges, and hidden caves make this a paradise for hikers. Keep an eye out for Sardinian deer and golden eagles as you traverse its scenic trails. Choose from scenic routes like the trek to Punta La Marmora, Sardinia’s highest peak, for breathtaking views stretching across the island, or explore the dramatic Su Gorropu Canyon, known as 'Europe’s Grand Canyon' for its sheer limestone cliffs.

Swim in Cala Goloritzé

Deep blue water by a white sand beach — **CoolR / Shutterstock**

One of Sardinia’s most famous beaches, Cala Goloritzé is only accessible by boat or a scenic hike. The reward? Turquoise waters, white limestone cliffs, and a sense of absolute seclusion. The hike from the Golgo Plateau takes around an hour and a half, leading you through rugged landscapes before revealing a breathtaking bay where the sea glows in shades of blue that seem almost unreal.

Visit the Ghost Town of Argentiera

A relic of Sardinia’s mining past, Argentiera is a hauntingly beautiful abandoned village near Alghero. Explore crumbling buildings and deserted beaches that tell the story of the island’s industrial history. Walk among rusted machinery and old stone structures, then take a dip in the nearby beach, where the turquoise waters contrast with the village’s eerie, timeworn charm.

Nature and Wildlife

Wild horses in Sardinia — **fabiano goreme caddeo / Shutterstock**

Beyond its beaches, Sardinia is a haven for nature enthusiasts. The island is home to endemic species like the Sardinian wildcat and the Giara horse, which roam freely in the Giara di Gesturi plateau, offering visitors a rare glimpse of wild, untamed beauty. Birdwatchers will delight in spotting flamingos at Molentargius Park near Cagliari, where these elegant birds gather in large numbers, particularly in spring and autumn. The inland forests and wetlands are also home to golden eagles, peregrine falcons, and the rare Corsican red deer, making Sardinia a paradise for wildlife lovers.

Offshore, the marine life is just as spectacular, with dolphins frequently seen in the waters near Golfo Aranci and La Maddalena Archipelago. Divers and snorkelers can explore vibrant underwater ecosystems, from Posidonia meadows teeming with fish to the fascinating caves and wrecks off the coast of Capo Caccia.

Occasionally, lucky visitors may even spot the elusive Mediterranean monk seal, one of the world's most endangered marine mammals, particularly in the protected marine areas around Tavolara Island.

Beaches

A secluded beach in Sardinia — **Frank Lambert / Shutterstock**

Sardinia’s coastline is legendary, with a diverse range of beaches to suit every traveler’s preference. La Pelosa, near Stintino, boasts water so clear it looks photoshopped, with soft, white sands and shallow turquoise waters that make it ideal for snorkeling. Arrive early in the morning, as this beach gets crowded, and consider visiting in the shoulder season for a more serene experience. Meanwhile, Costa Rei offers long, golden sands perfect for families, with a laid-back atmosphere and ample amenities, including beachfront restaurants serving fresh seafood. If you're after a more luxurious experience, head to Chia, where Su Giudeu Beach features rolling dunes and flamingos wading in the nearby lagoon.

For something more remote, drive down to Spiaggia di Tuerredda, a pristine bay flanked by rolling hills and often compared to the Caribbean for its striking colors. Bring snorkeling gear to explore the underwater marine life near the small islet just off the shore. Adventurous travelers should seek out Cala Luna, accessible by boat or a challenging but rewarding hike through limestone cliffs. The beach’s sea caves and dramatic backdrop make it one of the most picturesque spots in Sardinia. Another hidden treasure is Cala Mariolu, known for its pink and white pebbles and translucent water, offering incredible opportunities for diving and swimming away from the crowds.

Read next: Sardinia’s Best Hidden Beaches

Customs and Cultural Experiences

Bulls draw a carriage in Cagliari, Sardinia — **wideonet / Shutterstock**

Sardinians are deeply proud of their traditions, and festivals like Sant’Efisio in Cagliari showcase the island’s rich heritage with elaborate processions featuring traditional costumes, horse-drawn carriages, and religious offerings. Another must-see festival is Autunno in Barbagia, a months-long celebration where mountain villages open their doors to visitors, offering authentic crafts, local delicacies, and folkloric performances.

You’ll also find that time moves at a slower pace here—embrace the relaxed lifestyle and indulge in leisurely meals that can stretch for hours. Meals are often a social affair, beginning with an aperitivo such as mirto, a myrtle-flavored liqueur, before moving on to multi-course feasts featuring specialties like pane carasau, a thin, crispy bread perfect for pairing with Sardinian cheeses and cured meats. Dining al fresco in a piazza or at a rustic agriturismo, surrounded by the scent of myrtle and rosemary, is an experience that defines the Sardinian way of life.

Where and What to Eat

Meat, wine and cheese in Sardinia — **Patrizio Martorana / Shutterstock**

Sardinian cuisine is hearty and rooted in tradition, with flavors that tell the story of the island’s pastoral and maritime heritage. Sample porceddu, a succulent spit-roasted suckling pig, slow-cooked over myrtle and juniper branches to achieve its rich, smoky flavor. Head to Su Gologone in Oliena for one of the best renditions of this dish, served in an idyllic countryside setting. For a taste of Sardinia’s love for pasta, try fregola, a Sardinian pasta similar to couscous, often served with clams in a delicate tomato and saffron broth—Antica Cagliari in Cagliari is an excellent spot to indulge in this dish.

Seafood lovers will adore bottarga, a delicacy made from cured and dried mullet or tuna roe, usually shaved over pasta or eaten in thin slices with a drizzle of olive oil. For an authentic experience, visit Trattoria La Saletta in Alghero, where local chefs expertly prepare traditional Sardinian seafood. Another must-try is zuppa gallurese, a rich, cheesy bread soup that hails from the Gallura region, best enjoyed in traditional agriturismos like Agriturismo La Kustera near Arzachena.

And don’t forget to try a slice of seadas, a fried pastry filled with fresh pecorino cheese, drizzled with honey, and best enjoyed warm. The contrasting flavors of salty cheese and sweet honey make it a dessert like no other. For the best seadas, stop by Pasticceria Vanali in Nuoro, where generations of bakers have perfected the art of this beloved Sardinian treat.

Hidden Gems and Insider Info

For an off-the-beaten-path experience, visit Bosa, a rainbow-colored riverside town that feels like a fairytale. Stroll along the Temo River, explore the pastel-hued houses, and climb up to Malaspina Castle for breathtaking views. Don’t miss a tasting of Malvasia di Bosa, the region’s famed sweet wine. For history lovers, a trek to the cave dwellings of Tiscali is a must. Hidden within a collapsed mountain in the Supramonte range, this prehistoric village offers a glimpse into an ancient civilization shrouded in mystery. The hike itself is an adventure, winding through rugged landscapes and offering spectacular views.

Another hidden treasure is Castelsardo, a medieval town perched on a hilltop overlooking the Gulf of Asinara. Wander through its labyrinthine alleys, admire the 12th-century Doria Castle, and discover the town’s rich tradition of basket weaving. If you’re after a secluded beach paradise, head to Cala Domestica, a stunning cove framed by limestone cliffs, where the ruins of an old mining settlement add an eerie yet fascinating charm.

For something truly unusual, visit San Salvatore di Sinis, a tiny village that transforms into a Wild West-style ghost town when its temporary residents—pilgrims and film crews—depart. This surreal spot has been used as a backdrop for spaghetti Westerns and is steeped in religious history. Another must-see is the island of San Pietro, particularly the fishing town of Carloforte. Here, the Genoese influence is palpable in its dialect and cuisine—try the local specialty, tuna-based dishes, which are some of the freshest in Italy.

Final Tips for Visiting Sardinia

Sunset on a Sardinian beach — **Al_ex / Shutterstock**

Plan ahead, especially in peak season, as accommodations and car rentals can book up quickly. Renting a car is a must for exploring remote spots, and opting for a 4x4 vehicle can be helpful if you plan on navigating Sardinia’s rugged interior or lesser-known coastal roads. Learn a few basic Italian phrases, as English is not widely spoken in rural areas, and locals appreciate the effort. Additionally, bring cash for smaller villages where card payments may not be accepted. Most importantly, take your time—Sardinia is best savored slowly, whether you’re lingering over a long seaside lunch, meandering through historic streets, or simply soaking up the island’s laid-back atmosphere.

Sardinia Travel Guide

What to Expect

Practical Information

Getting There

Getting Around